Learn how outcome-based new construction efficiency incentive programs are superior to energy model-based incentive programs. Outcome-based programs promote more accountability, are more scalable, are more accurate, and lead to simpler M&V.

Learn how incentives for energy efficiency projects influence implementation in ways beyond economics. We found that for some projects with the same net economics, one with and one without a rebate, that the project with the rebate is implemented more frequently!

While performing M&V on complex systems, a significant quantity of data is collected. We document how analyzing this data can result in improved system maintenance and increased program energy savings. This paper focuses primarily on compressed air systems.

M&V for chilled-water systems can get complicated and can be resource intensive. We discuss several existing and available M&V methodologies and then we propose a simplified methodology along with two case studies.

We share lessons learned from of developing a midstream cogged v-belt pilot program in collaboration with several electric utilities, a regional energy efficiency organization, a national lab, and a state manufacturing trade association.

We provide critical analysis and summary tables of energy savings from replacing smooth V-belts with cogged V-belts. The goal is to allow efficiency programs to promote the use of cogged v-belts by developing up-stream efficiency programs similar to the point-of-sale programs for lights at big-box stores across the U.S. As of its publication, this was the only source of “deemed savings” for V-belts available.

We illustrate that the value of CHP to the electric grid is underestimated by various published savings accounting methods. We propose unbundling the savings accounting, allowing the use of much simpler accounting methods for electrical energy (kWh), capacity (kW), fuel (mmBtu), and carbon dioxide emissions savings based on standard thermodynamic equations.

We introduce the EGER method for zero energy evaluation of buildings. Setting a zero carbon constraint, we compare roof technologies and their potential contribution to a fully decarbonized future.

Using a real case study, we developed a model to show how staging the temperature of setpoints of multiple air handling units that serve a single zone is an effective control strategy for reducing energy use and improving humidity control in manufacturing settings.

We present and discuss methods for creating a baseline energy use profile to benchmark productivity improvements, new production equipment, or even a new facility. The method can be used to establish a reliable and scalable industrial baselining method, useful for manufacturers, utilities, state agencies, and electric regulatory committees to better capture performance and efficiency improvements in the industrial sector.

We document and demonstrate the fundamentals and principles of energy efficiency of ammonia refrigeration systems. These can be applied to any ammonia refrigeration system, regardless of level of complexity. We also develop and use a simplified model to show rules of thumb that can be used by designers and operators to understand magnitude of savings from applying the different energy efficiency principles.

M&V is critical to the validity of energy efficiency projects and programs. However standards for custom M&V programs tend to place tight controls on metering equipment accuracy, but have relatively loose controls on methodologies of data collection. This paper provides a background on PJM’s M&V standards and shows through case studies how the potential error associated with analysis approach can greatly outweigh the errors associated with selected metering equipment.